Bearing the same surname, but born to different parents, Privates Henry Hay Horn (1828-1893) and Luther Scott Horn (1838-1909) served with the same company of the same regiment during the American Civil War — albeit at different times during their regiment’s history.

Private Henry Hay Horn 

Born in Easton, Northampton County, Pennsylvania on 28 October 1828, Henry Hay Horn (1828-1903) was a son of native Pennsylvanian Catharine (Barthold) Horn (1792-1868; alternate birth year: 1799) and Joseph Horn (1791-1871), an Eastonian who was a son of Revolutionary War Patriot Lieutenant-Colonel Abraham Horn (1756-1826).

Henry H. Horn was raised and educated in Easton with his Easton-born siblings: Mary Isabella Horn (1821-1904), who had been born on 20 January 1821 and would later wed John Evans (1815-1904); Charlotte E. Horn (1823-1877), who had been born in September 1823 and would later wed John S. Shipe (1819-1890); Anna Erle Horn (1826-1889), who had been born on 16 October 1826, was baptized at St. John’s Lutheran Church in Easton on 3 March 1827 and would later wed George G. Zane (1825-1886) in 1854; George Wolf Horn (1831-1895), who was born on 17 March 1831 and would later wed Arabella Anthony (1838-1924) and serve in the 79th Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry and the 38th Pennsylvania Militia, Emergency of 1863 during the American Civil War; Gilbert Martin LaFayette Horn (1834-1888), who was born on 8 July 1834, was baptized at St. John’s Lutheran Church in Easton on 8 March 1835; Emma Catherine Horn (1839-1906), who was born on 27 July 1839, was baptized on 22 November 1839 and would later wed Henry Augustus Daily (1842-1871); and Ellen Matilda Horn (1842-1913), who was born on 19 May 1842, was baptized at St. John’s Lutheran Church in Easton on 29 December 1842 and would later wed Thomas J. Middaugh (1841-1872; alternate surname spelling: “Middagh”) in Easton on 22 April 1865, begin a family with him and be widowed by him before marrying Ervin Plattenberg (born circa 1850-died before 1900).

In 1850, Henry H. Horn resided in Easton with his parents and siblings: Anna, George, Gilbert, Emma, and Ellen. The only member of their household who was working when that year’s federal census was enumerated was Henry’s brother, George, who was employed as a bricklayer. By 1860, however, Henry had moved out of his parents’ house, while his siblings, George, Gilbert, Emma, and Ellen, all continued to reside there. That year’s federal census enumerator described Henry’s father as a “gentleman” who own real estate and personal property worth four thousand four hundred dollars (the equivalent of roughly one hundred seventy-seven thousand U.S. dollars in 2026).

* Note: Although multiple family trees on Ancestry.com indicate that Henry Hay Horn had another younger brother — William Frederick Horn, who had been born circa 1846, had migrated west to Iowa and had died in Iowa circa 1913 — that data appears to be incorrect. Most of those trees do not cite sources for that potential relationship, and, unfortunately, the few that do provide “sources” for their research cite 1850 and 1860 federal census records for Easton, Northampton County, Pennsylvania, which recorded a William F. Horn residing at the home of Melchior Hay Horn (1820-1890) and Matilda Louisa (Heller) Horn (1823-1903) during the 1850s and 1860s.

The Henry Hay Horn (1828-1893) who served with the 47th Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry during the American Civil War, however, was not a son of Melchior and Matilda Horn. He was a son of Joseph Horn (1791-1891) and Catharine (Barthold) Horn (1792-1868; alternate birth year: 1799). Therefore, William Frederick Horn (circa 1846-1913) could not possibly have been a brother of Henry Hay Horn.

Private Luther Scott Horn

Born in Easton, Northampton County, Pennsylvania on 16 November 1838, Luther Scott Horn (1838-1909; alternate birth date: 17 November 1838) was a son of Edward Adam Horn (1809-1887), a native of Pennsylvania, and New York native Juliet Susan (Joline) Horn (1815-1906).

He was raised and educated in Easton with his Pennsylvania-born siblings: Emma Jane Horn (1836-1917), who had been born on 14 August 1836, was also known as “Emily” and would later wed Lewis Lenox (1829-1888); Calvin Joline Horn (1840-1879), who was born on 27 September 1840 (alternate birth date: 6 September 1840) and would later serve with the 5th Pennsylvania Militia and the 27th Pennsylvania Volunteers during the American Civil War and would then marry Maria Henry (1848-1920) at St. John’s Lutheran Church in Easton on 20 October 1870; Lavinia L. Horn (1843-1918), who was born in Easton on 27 May 1843 and would later wed George W. Crossley (1842-1913); Edward William Horn (1846-1927), who was born on 18 July 1846) and would later be wounded in action while serving with the 114th Pennsylvania Volunteers during the American Civil War; Maria Elizabeth Horn (1852-1937), who was born in Easton on 26 April 1852 and was baptized at on 21 June 1853; and Fannie A. Horn (1854-1931), who was born in Easton in July 1854 (alternate birth years: 1847, 1855) and would later wed Hiram Lenox (1847-1935).

In 1850, Luther S. Horn resided in Easton with his parents and siblings: Emma, Calvin, Lavinia, and Edward. By 1860, their household had lost one member, Emma, who had married and begun her own family line, but had gained two more members, Maria and Fannie.

American Civil War 

Like many of their fellow Pennsylvanians, the members of both Horn families watched and worried as their nation descended into a secession crisis during the winter of 1860-1861, which then devolved into a disastrous civil war. In response to the worsening news, Luther Scott Horn became the first of the two men surnamed Horn who would ultimately serve with Company E of the 47th Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry during the American Civil War to help preserve their nation’s Union — but he did so only after serving with three different regiments prior to joining the 47th Pennsylvania:

• 1st Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry, Company D (April 1861-July 1861);
• 129th Pennsylvania Volunteers, Company D (August 1862-May 1863); and the
• 38th Pennsylvania Militia, Emergency of 1863, Company E (July 1863-August 1863).

American Civil War — 1st Pennsylvania Volunteers (Luther Scott Horn)

Two days before President Abraham Lincoln issued his 15 April 1861 call for volunteer troops to help defend the nation’s capital (following the fall of Fort Sumter to Confederate forces), residents of the counties of Lehigh and Northampton in Pennsylvania “called a public meeting at Easton ‘to consider the posture of affairs and to take measures for the support of the National Government,’” according to Alfred Mathews and Austin N. Hungerford, authors of History of the Counties of Lehigh and Carbon, in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. Worried about the worsening relations between America’s North and South, the citizens voted to establish and equip an entirely new military unit (the 1st Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry) that would be ready for duty as quickly as possible — a decision that proved to be remarkably prescient. Several of the men in attendance that evening, including Charles Heckman and Samuel Yohe, had already begun recruiting local militia members and other volunteers to fulfill that charge and protect the nation’s capital if needed.

The Eastonians who were recruited by Heckman, including twenty-two-year-old Luther S. Horn (1838-1909), subsequently boarded a train in Easton and were transported to the city of Harrisburg in Dauphin County, Pennsylvania, where they were officially enrolled and mustered in at Camp Curtin on 20 April 1861, and were assigned to the 1st Pennsylvania’s D Company. Commissioned as a captain, Charles A. Heckman was then placed in command of that company. Luther S. Horn entered at the rank of private.

Transported by Northern Central Railway cars with their regiment to Cockeysville, Maryland, the members of Company D and their fellow 1st Pennsylvanians then spent time at Camp Scott near York, Pennsylvania before being ordered to railroad guard duties along the rail lines between Pennsylvania and Druid Park in Baltimore, Maryland from 14-25 May. From there, they were assigned to Catonsville (25 May) and Franklintown (29 May) before being ordered back across the border and stationed at Chambersburg (3 June). Once there, they were attached to the 2nd Brigade (under Brigadier-General George Wynkoop), 2nd Division (under Major-General William High Keim), in the Union Army corps commanded by Major-General Robert Patterson. Ordered to Hagerstown, Maryland on 18 June and then to Funkstown, Goose Creek and Edward’s Ferry, the regiment remained in that vicinity until 22 June, when it was ordered to Frederick, Maryland. Assigned with other Union regiments to occupy the town of Martinsburg, Virginia from 8-21 July (following the Battle of Falling Waters earlier that month), the 1st Pennsylvanians were ordered to Harpers Ferry on 21 July. Following the completion of their Three Months’ Service, they honorably mustered out on 23 July 1861.

American Civil War — 47th Pennsylvania Volunteers (Henry Hay Horn)

Henry Hay Horn then became the second of the two men surnamed Horn who would serve with Company E of the 47th Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry during the American Civil War. Following his enrollment in Easton on 20 January 1862, he was then officially mustered in at Camp Curtin in Harrisburg on 23 January as a private with Company E of the 47th Pennsylvania Volunteers. Military records at the time described him as a thirty-four-year-old bricklayer and resident of Easton who was six feet, one inch tall with light hair, brown eyes and a dark complexion. He did not connect with his new comrades until later that same year, however; transported to South Carolina by ship that fall, he reported for duty to the 47th Pennsylvania’s headquarters in Beaufort, South Carolina on 23 September 1862.

He had arrived shortly before his regiment began preparing to embark on the Union’s Expedition to Saint John’s Bluff, Florida. Being such a new recruit, it is likely that he remained behind when slightly more than half of the 47th Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry left the regiment’s camp to join other Union Army troops in disabling Confederate artillery batteries that had been wreaking havoc on Union Navy ships along the Saint John’s River. Those members of the 47th Pennsylvania who remained behind in Beaufort, like Private Henry H. Horn, performed their assigned duties as members of an occupying army and received additional light infantry training as deemed necessary by their superior officers.

Integration of the Regiment

That same fall, the 47th Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry made history as it became an integrated regiment. On 5 and 15 October 1862, the regiment added to its muster rolls several young Black men who had endured plantation enslavement in the Beaufort vicinity, including sixteen-year-old Abraham Jassum, twenty-two-year-old Edward Jassum and thirty-three-year-old Bristor Gethers — all of whom would go on to successfully complete their three-year periods of enlistment and be honorably discharged in October 1865.

Battle of Pocotaligo, South Carolina

From 21-23 October, under the brigade and regimental commands of Colonel Tilghman H. Good and Lieutenant-Colonel George Warren Alexander, members of the 47th Regiment, Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry joined with other Union regiments to engage the heavily protected Confederate forces in and around Pocotaligo, South Carolina.

Harried by snipers en route to the Pocotaligo Bridge, which had been targeted for destruction during that expedition (in order to further disrupt the Confederacy’s ability to transport troops and ammunition), they met resistance from an entrenched, heavily fortified Confederate battery which opened fire on the Union troops as they entered an open cotton field. Those headed toward higher ground at the Frampton Plantation fared no better as they encountered artillery and infantry fire from the surrounding forests. But the Union soldiers would not give in; grappling with Rebels wherever they met them, they pursued the enemy for four miles as the Confederate Army retreated to the bridge. Once there, the 47th Pennsylvania relieved the 7th Connecticut. Unfortunately, the enemy was just too well armed. After two hours of intense fighting in an unsuccesful attempt to take the ravine and bridge, the 47th Pennsylvania Volunteers were finally forced to withdraw by their depleted ammunition, and retreated to Mackay’s Point.

Losses for the regiment were particularly high. Captain Charles Mickley of G Company was killed, and Captain George Junker of Company K was mortally wounded. Privates Henry A. Backman, Nathan George, Samuel Minnich, George B. Rose and fourteen other enlisted men died; a total of one hundred and fourteen had been wounded in action.

On 23 October, the 47th Pennsylvania Volunteers returned to Hilton Head, where several members were appointed later that month to serve as the honor guard for the funeral of Major-General Ormsby M. Mitchel, the commander of the U.S. Army’s 10th Corps and Department of the South who succumbed to yellow fever on 30 October. (The Mountains of Mitchel, a part of Mars’ South Pole discovered by Mitchel in 1846 while working as a University of Cincinnati astronomer, and Mitchelville, the first Freedmen’s town created after the Civil War, were both later named for him.) The men selected from the 47th Pennsylvania for that special detail were given the high honor of firing the salute over his grave.

* Note: Around the same time that Private Henry H. Horn was receiving basic training in light infantry tactics at Camp Curtin, Luther Horn was re-enlisting for a second tour of duty — but at an entirely different rank with an entirely different regiment — as a wagoner with Company D of the 129th Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry. He would continue to serve in that capacity with that regiment until his regiment was honorably discharged on 18 May 1863. During that time, the 129th Pennsylvania would take part in the defense of Washington, D. C. from 16 August until 12 September 1862 and serve with the 1st Brigade, 3rd Division of the 5th Army Corps, U.S. Army of the Potomac, which involved duties at Sharpsburg, Maryland until 30 October, reconnoissance work between Sharpsburg and Smithfield, West Virginia from 16-17 October, duties at Falmouth, Virginia from 30 October to 19 November, and the First Battle of Fredericksburg from 12-15 December.

Ordered to head for Florida on 15 November 1862, the majority of 47th Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantrymen would spent the entire year of 1863 garrisoning federal installations in that state as part of the U.S. Army’s 10th Corps, Department of the South. The men of E Company would join those of Companies A, B, C, G, and I in guarding Key West’s Fort Taylor while Companies D, F, H, and K garrisoned Fort Jefferson, the Union’s remote outpost in the Dry Tortugas off the coast of Florida.

But it would be a very short stay for at least one E Company private.

1863

As the New Year of 1863 began, Private Henry Hay Horn of E Company, was being told by his superiors that he would be honorably discharged from the 47th Pennsylvania Volunteers on a surgeon’s certificate of disability on 9 January 1863 — after having served just three and a half months. The timing and nature of that discharge are indicators that he may have been wounded during the Battle of Pocotaligo in October 1862, but it is more likely that he was ill and had been deemed no longer physically able to serve. (According to a special veterans’ census that was conducted by the federal government in Easton’s Seventh Ward in June 1890, Henry H. Horn had “contracted piles” while serving with the 47th Pennsylvania Volunteers. A common condition that plagued many of the 47th Pennsylvania Volunteers during and after they were stationed in Florida and Louisiana between 1862 and 1864, those hemorrhoid problems were most often the result of frequent bouts of diarrhea that had been caused by dysentery related to unsanitary living conditions and the poor quality of water available for drinking and bathing.)

* Note: Learn more about Private Henry Hay Horn’s life after his honorable discharge by reading part two of this biography.

Meanwhile, Luther Horn was still serving as a wagoner with Company D of the 129thPennsylvaniaVolunteers, and would continue to do so until the regiment was disbanded and its members were honorably discharged on 18 May 1863. During that period of his service, the 129th Pennsylvania had participated in: the second campaign of Union General Ambrose Burnside (also known as “the Mud March”), which unfolded from 20-24 January 1863; occupation duties at Falmouth, Virginia from late January to April 1863; and the Chancellorsville Campaign from 27 April to May 6, which included the Battle of Chancellorsville from 1-5 May 1863. After returning home, Luther Horn then re-enlisted for a third time — in the city of Reading in Berks County, Pennsylvania as a private with Company E of the 38th Pennsylvania Militia, Emergency of 1863 — which was called into service by Pennsylvania Governor Andrew Gregg Curtin on 2 July 1863, in response to the invasion of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania by Rebel troops commanded by Confederate General Robert Lee. That temporary regiment was subsequently mustered out on 6 August 1863, when Governor Curtin determined that the emergency had ended.

1864 — 1866

Based on the military service records of Henry Hay Horn and Luther Scott Horn, it appears that both men remained at their respective homes in Easton throughout 1864. But as that year wound down and the American Civil War continued to rage on, Luther Horn realized that his nation still needed his help. So, on 28 January 1865, he re-enrolled for a one-year term of military service in Easton. He then officially mustered in there that same day as a private with Company E of the battle-hardened 47th Pennsylvania Infantry. Military records described him as a twenty-six-year-old Easton native who was employed as a painter and was five feet, four inches tall with brown hair, hazel eyes and a dark complexion.

Subsequently transported south, he connected with his new comrades on 10 February 1865 at the 47th Pennsylvania’s headquarters at Camp Fairview near Charlestown, West Virginia, where it had been tracking and capturing Confederate guerrillas to stop them from attacking key railroad lines — an assignment that he and his comrades would continue to perform through the end of March, when “The command was ordered to proceed up the valley to intercept the enemy’s troops, should any succeed in making their escape in that direction,” according to The Lehigh Register.

After reaching Winchester, Virginia sometime around 4 April 1865, the 47th Pennsylvania Volunteers headed to Kernstown. On 9 April 1865, their senior officers received word that General Robert E. Lee had surrendered the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia to Union General Ulysses S. Grant at Appomattox. The long war appeared to be over.

But it wasn’t.

Shock and Despair

During the evening of 14 April, a night that was supposed to be a time of celebration for Washingtonians, a group of Confederate sympathizers sought to reignite the flames of civil war by murdering President Abraham Lincoln and key members of his cabinet. Mortally wounded by a gunshot to his head while attending a performance at Ford’s Theatre with his wife, the president drew his last breath the following morning as his heartbroken aides looked on.

Immediately placed on alert in response to President Lincoln’s assassination, the 47th Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry was charged with defending the nation’s capital. According to letters sent by members of the regiment to family and friends during that time, and newspaper accounts published in subsequent years, at least one 47th Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantryman was given the high honor of guarding President Lincoln’s funeral train while other members of the regiment were assigned to guard duty at the prison where the key conspirators in the assassination plot were confined during the early days of their imprisonment and trial.

Headquartered at Camp Brightwood in Washington, D.C. during that time, the regiment then also marched in the Union’s Grand Review of the National Armies on 23 May 1865. As the last sounds of cheers from the adoring crowds faded over the next week, multiple 47th Pennsylvanians were told by their superiors that they would not be going home. Their service was still needed to make the hard-won peace secure by continuing to calm tensions while also helping to rebuild segments of the nation’s shattered Deep South. They would now be serving their nation during what would be termed “the Reconstruction Era.”

Peacekeeping and Diplomacy During the Reconstruction Era

In early June 1865, the 47th Pennsylvania Volunteers packed up their belongings and headed south for Savannah, Georgia. Still serving with Dwight’s Division, they were attached to the 3rd Brigade, U.S. Department of the South and assigned to reconstruction and provost (military police) duties there before they were re-assigned in July as replacements for the 165th New York Volunteers in Charleston, South Carolina, where they were also given reconstruction and provost-related tasks — duties that they continued to perform throughout that fall.

Several men from the 47th Pennsylvania even helped to restore a free and functioning press. The 7 October 1865 edition of The Leader, Charleston’s newspaper, reported that:

The prospect of an early issue looked dubious…. It was a streak of good fortune that made known our wants to the printers of the 47th Pennsylvania Veteran Volunteers, doing duty in this city; and with characteristic devotion to the cause of freedom, John G. Snyder, and Luther Horn, of Easton Pa., and Joseph Hartnagel of New York city came forward and volunteered their services. Edwin Coombs, Esq., formerly editor of the Mass. Atlantic Messenger, also gave us valuable aid.

But for the assistance of the ‘boys in blue’ our issue must have been delayed much longer. We shall ever cherish their friendship, and trust when their term of enlistment shall expire they will receive a hearty welcome to the old Keystone State.

Finally, on Christmas Day, Private Luther S. Horn and his fellow 47th Pennsylvanians began to muster out for the last time — a process that continued through early January of 1866. Following a stormy voyage home from Charleston to New York City by ship, and then to Pennsylvania by train, the weary 47th Pennsylvania Veteran Volunteers marched into Camp Cadwalader in Philadelphia, where they were given their final discharge paperwork between 9-11 January 1866.

* Note: Learn more about Private Luther Scott Horn’s life after his honorable discharge by reading part three of this biography.

 

Sources:

1. Ann Erle Horn (infant, who was a sister of Henry H. Horn) and Joseph and Catharine Horn (parents), in Birth and Baptismal Records (St. John’s Lutheran Church, Easton, Northampton County, Pennsylvania, date of birth: 16 October 1826, baptism: 3 March 1827). Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: Historical Society of Pennsylvania.
2. Bates, Samuel P. History of Pennsylvania Volunteers, 1861-5, vol. 1. Harrisburg, Pennsylvania: B. Singerly, State Printer, 1869.
3. Bordewich, Fergus M. “Fort Sumter: The Civil War Begins,” in Smithsonian Magazine, April 2011. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution.
4. Condit, Uzal. The History of Easton, Penn’a from the Earliest Times to the Present, 1738-1885. Easton, Pennsylvania: E. W. West, 1885.
5. Diaries of Jeremiah Siders (Company H, 47th Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry), in “Pennsylvania Military Museum Collections, 1856-1970” (MG 272). Harrisburg, Pennsylvania: Pennsylvania State Archives.
6. Dyer, Frederick H. A Compendium of the War of the Rebellion, p. 1589. Des Moines, Iowa: The Dyer Publishing Company, 1908.
7. Ellen Matilda Horn (infant, who was a sister of Henry H. Horn) and Joseph and Catharine Horn (parents), in Birth and Baptismal Records (St. John’s Lutheran Church, Easton, Northampton County, Pennsylvania, date of birth: 19 May 1842, baptism: 20 December 1842). Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: Historical Society of Pennsylvania.
8. Emma Catherine Horn (infant, who was a sister of Henry H. Horn) and Joseph and Catharine Horn (parents), in Birth and Baptismal Records (St. John’s Lutheran Church, Easton, Northampton County, Pennsylvania, date of birth: 27 July 1839, baptism: 22 November 1839). Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: Historical Society of Pennsylvania.
9. Emma Jane Horn, Luther Scott Horn, Calvin Joline Horn, and Edward William Horn (infants) and Edward and Juliet Horn (parents), in Birth and Baptismal Records (St. John’s Lutheran Church, Easton, Northampton County, Pennsylvania, 1830s-1840s). Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: Historical Society of Pennsylvania.
10. “First Defender Dead: Luther S. Horn of Easton Lost No Time Responding to Lincoln’s Call for Men.” Allentown, Pennsylvania: The Allentown Leader, 29 January 1909.
11. “Florida’s Role in the Civil War: ‘Supplier of the Confederacy.” Tampa, Florida: Florida Center for Instructional Technology, University of South Florida (College of Education), retrieved online 15 January 2020.
12. Gilbert Martin LaFayette Horn (infant, who was a brother of Henry H. Horn) and Joseph and Catharine Horn (parents), in Birth and Baptismal Records (St. John’s Lutheran Church, Easton, Northampton County, Pennsylvania, date of birth: 8 July 1834, baptism: 8 March 1835). Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: Historical Society of Pennsylvania.
13. Gobin, John Peter Shindel. Personal Letters, 1861-1865. Northumberland, Pennsylvania: Personal Collection of John Deppen.
14. Grant, Ulysses S. Personal Memoirs of Ulysses S. Grant. New York, New York: Charles L. Webster & Company, 1885.
15. Grodzins, Dean and David Moss. “The U.S. Secession Crisis as a Breakdown of Democracy,” in When Democracy Breaks: Studies in Democratic Erosion and Collapse, from Ancient Athens to the Present Day (chapter 3). New York, New York: Oxford University Press, 2024.
16. Horn, Edward, Juliet, Emma, Luther, Calvin, Louvina, and Edward, in U.S. Census (Easton, Northampton County, Pennsylvania, 1850). Washington, D.C.: U.S. National Archives and Records Administration.
17. Horn, Edward, Juliet, Luther, Lavena, Calvin, Edward, Maria, and Fanny, in U.S. Census (Easton, Lehigh Ward, Northampton County, Pennsylvania, 1860). Washington, D.C.: U.S. National Archives and Records Administration.
18. Horn, Geo. W. (a brother of Henry W. Horn), in Civil War Muster Rolls (Company E, 38th Pennsylvania Militia, Emergency of 1863). Harrisburg, Pennsylvania: Pennsylvania State Archives.
19. Horn, George W. (a brother of Henry H. Horn), in Records of Burial Places of Veterans (Easton Cemetery, Easton, Northampton County, Pennsylvania, date of birth: 17 March 1831, date of death: 9 December 1895). Harrisburg, Pennsylvania: Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, Department of Military Affairs.
20. Horn, George W. (a brother of Henry H. Horn) and Bella, in U.S. Civil War Pension General Index Cards (veteran’s application no.: 122270, veteran’s certificate no.: 80301, filed by the veteran, 14 February 1867; widow’s application no.: 634352, filed by the veteran’s widow from New Jersey, 21 May 1896). Washington, D.C.: U.S. National Archives and Records Administration.
21. Horn, Henry H., in Civil War Muster Rolls (Company E, 47th Pennsylvania Infantry). Harrisburg, Pennsylvania: Pennsylvania State Archives.
22. Horn, Henry H. in Civil War Veterans’ Card File, 1861-1866 (Company E, 47th Pennsylvania Infantry). Harrisburg, Pennsylvania: Pennsylvania State Archives.
23. Horn, Henry H., in Records of Burial Places of Veterans (Easton Heights Cemetery, Easton, Northampton County, Pennsylvania, date of birth: 28 October 1828, date of death: 17 January 1893). Harrisburg, Pennsylvania: Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, Department of Military Affairs.
24. Horn, Henry H. and Ann C., in U.S. Civil War Pension General Index Cards (veteran’s application no.: 272428, veteran’s certificate no.: 223956, filed by the veteran, 14 March 1879; widow’s application no.: 574650, filed by the veteran’s widow from Pennsylvania, 18 April 1893). Washington, D.C.: U.S. National Archives and Records Administration.
25. Horn, Henry M. [sic, “Henry Hay Horn”], in U.S. Census (“Special Schedule. — Surviving Soldiers, Sailors, and Marines, and Widows, etc.”: Easton, Seventh Ward, Northampton County, Pennsylvania, 1890). Washington, D.C.: U.S. National Archives and Records Administration.
26. Horn, Joseph, Catharine, Anna, Henry H., George H., Gilbert M. L., Emma, and Ellen, in U.S. Census (Easton, Northampton County, Pennsylvania, 1850). Washington, D.C.: U.S. National Archives and Records Administration.
27. Horn, Joseph, Catharine, George W., Gilbert L., Emma C., and Ellen M., in U.S. Census (Easton, Lehigh Ward, Northampton County, Pennsylvania, 1860). Washington, D.C.: U.S. National Archives and Records Administration.
28. Horn, Luther, in Civil War Muster Rolls (Company D, 1st Pennsylvania Infantry; Company D, 129th Pennsylvania Infantry; Company E, 38th Pennsylvania Militia, Emergency of 1863; and Company E, 47th Pennsylvania Infantry). Harrisburg, Pennsylvania: Pennsylvania State Archives.
29. Horn, Luther, in Civil War Veterans’ Card File, 1861-1866 (Company D, 1st Pennsylvania Infantry; Company D, 129th Pennsylvania Infantry; Company E, 38th Pennsylvania Militia, Emergency of 1863; and Company E, 47th Pennsylvania Infantry). Harrisburg, Pennsylvania: Pennsylvania State Archives.
30. Horn, Luther, in U.S. Civil War Pension General Index Cards (application no.: 1088138, certificate no.: 893332, filed by the veteran from New Jersey, 29 January 1892). Washington, D.C.: U.S. National Archives and Records Administration.
31. Horn, Luther S., in Records of Burial Places of Veterans (Easton Cemetery, Northampton County, Pennsylvania, date of birth: 17 November 1836, date of death: 27 January 1909). Harrisburg, Pennsylvania: Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, Department of Military Affairs.
32. Horn, Martin L. [sic, “Gilbert Martin LaFayette Horn”] (a brother of Henry Hay Horn), in Civil War Muster Rolls (Company D, 1st Pennsylvania Infantry; Company D, 129th Pennsylvania Infantry). Harrisburg, Pennsylvania: Pennsylvania State Archives.
33. Horn, Melchior, Matilda, Susan, William (historically misidentified by genealogists as a brother of Henry Hay Horn of the 47th Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry), and Edward, in U.S. Census (Easton, Northampton County, Pennsylvania, 1850). Washington, D.C.: U.S. National Archives and Records Administration.
34. Horn, M. H. [sic, “Melchior Hay Horn”], Matilda, Isabella, Susan, William (historically misidentified by genealogists as a brother of Henry Hay Horn of the 47th Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry), Edward, Franklin, and Henry (historically misidentified by genealogists as the Henry Hay Horn who served with the 47th Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry, who was actually a son of Joseph Horn and Catharine (Barthold) Horn), in U.S. Census (Easton, Northampton County, Pennsylvania, 1860). Washington, D.C.: U.S. National Archives and Records Administration.
35. Irwin, Richard Bache. History of the Nineteenth Army Corps. New York, New York: G. P. Putnam’s Sons, 1893.
36. “Luther S. Horn” (obituary). Trenton, New Jersey: Trenton Evening Times, 28 January 1909.
37. Matilda Plattenburg [sic, “Ellen Matilda (Horn) Plattenburg”] (a sister of Henry H. Horn), in Death Certificates (file no.: 33581, registered no.: 9640), date of death: 21 or 27 March 1913). Harrisburg, Pennsylvania: Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, Department of Health, Bureau of Vital Statistics.
38. Miss Mary Parmley Middaugh (a niece of Henry H. Horn and a daughter of Ellen Matilda (Horn Middaugh) Plattenburg), in Death Certificates (file no.: 92538, registered no.: 20435), date of death: 11 October 1937). Harrisburg, Pennsylvania: Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, Department of Health, Bureau of Vital Statistics.
39. Reports and Other Correspondence of W. D. C. Rodrock, Chaplain, 47th Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry (Record Group R29). Washington, D.C.: U.S. National Archives and Records Administration, 1864-1865.
40. “Roster of the 47th P. V. Inf.” Allentown, Pennsylvania: The Morning Call, 26 October 1930.
41. Schmidt, Lewis. A Civil War History of the 47th Regiment of Pennsylvania Veteran Volunteers. Allentown, Pennsylvania: Self-published, 1986.
42. Scott, Robert N. The War of War of the Rebellion: A Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies, series I, vol. XXXIV, part II: “Correspondence, etc.-Union,” Chapter XLVI: “Louisiana and the Trans-Mississippi,” p. 199. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1891.
43. Sheridan, Philip Henry. Personal Memoirs of P. H. Sheridan, General, United States Army in Two Volumes. New York, New York: Charles L. Webster & Company, 1888.
44. Staubach, Lieutenant Colonel James C. “Miami During the Civil War: 1861-65,” in Tequesta: The Journal of the Historical Association of Southern Florida, vol. LIII, pp. 31-62. Miami: Historical Museum of Southern Florida, 1993.
45. Tamiami Trail Modifications: Next Steps — Draft Environmental Impact Statement, Appendix E. Washington, D.C.: U.S. National Park Service: Everglades National Park: 29 January 2010.
46. “The History of the Forty-Seventh Regt. P. V.” Allentown, Pennsylvania: The Lehigh Register, 20 July 1870.
47. “The Shaping of Easton,” in “About Easton: History.” Easton, Pennsylvania: City of Easton, retrieved online 11 June 2026.
48. Thomas J. Middagh (the groom) and Ellen M. Horn (the bride, who was a sister of Henry H. Horn), in “Record of Marriages for 1865-6” (Christ United Methodist Church, Easton, Northampton County, Pennsylvania, datec of marriage: 22 April 1865). Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: Historical Society of Pennsylvania.
49. Wharton, Henry D. “Letters from the Sunbury Guards.” Sunbury, Pennsylvania: The Sunbury American, 1861-1866.